Classification of obligations

(1) Primary classification of obligations under the Civil Code:

(a) Pure and conditional obligations (Arts. 1179-1192.);
(b) Obligations with a period (Arts. 1193-1198.);
(c) Alternative (Arts. 1199-1205.) and facultative obligations
(Art. 1206.);
(d) Joint and solidary obligations (Arts. 1207-1222.);
(e) Divisible and indivisible obligations (Arts. 1223-1225.);
and
(f) Obligations with a penal clause. (Arts. 1226-1230.)

(2) Secondary classification of obligations under the Civil Code:

(a) Unilateral and bilateral obligations (Arts. 1169-1191.);
(b) Real and personal obligations (Arts. 1163-1168.);
(c) Determinate and generic obligations (Art. 1165.);
(d) Civil and natural obligations (Art. 1423.); and
(e) Legal, conventional, and penal obligations. (Arts. 1157,
1159, 1161.)